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Blood Glucose, Lipids and Blood Pressure Control

This is a part of diabetic care.It is important to reach target levels mentioned below.
Failure to do so would lead to a deteriorated lifestyle.

Diabetic Retinopathy

It can result due to some disease or damage to the small blood vessels of the retina.
Eye problems get complicated and can result in retinopathy,premature cataract and
glaucoma.Retina is the area of the eye on which the image( picture of what we see)
is formed by our lens system.People with long standing diabetes often develop this
disease.

Skin Disease
Diabetic Dermopathy; It is the commonest kind of skin disease seen in diabetics.Skin develops brown scars over the shin of legs.This is due to abnormal changes in the small blood vessels on the skin.If diabetes is not kept under control,
the process of aging gets faster.

EFFECTS OF KIDNEY MALFUNCTION

ulcer in the foot

* If kidney damage ( nephropathy) progresses, a person may have to undergo kidney
dialysis.Kidney transplantation might also be an option . High uncontrolled blood
sugar can also lead to neuropathy.
* Nerve problems (neuropathy) may occur, causing a 'pins and needles' sensation in
the hands & legs.
* Diabetes damaging the nerves can also lead to reduced pain or loss of sensation
in the feet. Skin sores or ulcers on the feet can be a result of bad footware.
* Injuries or infections do not heal well. Often an injury on the foot does not heal and
can lead to gangrene.

THE KIDNEY MALFUNCTION

Just as the kidneys lose their ability to discharge wastes, they also lose their ability to
retain protein and sugar. Sugar and protein are detected in urine tests often in large
amounts.Blood tests detect high levels of urea, nitrogen and creatining which indicate damaged kidneys.

DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS

High Blood Sugar
High blood sugar levels over a period of time can lead to major health problems.

* Blood vessels can get affected, leading to heart attack, stroke and circulatory .
problems
* Frequent urinary infection is due to the presence of high sugar ( not well controlled)
which results in the damage of the kidneys.
* Kidney disease (nephropathy) may result, which often leads to end-stage renal
disease and kidney failure.

Studies show that if there is even 1% reduction in HbA1c (glycosylated haemoglobin)
in diabetics then :

* The risk of microvascular complications ( e.g- in kidney,eye ) is reduced by 37%.
* The risk offatal and non-fatal heart attack is also reduced by 14%.